There is a common stereotype, asserting that the lightning strikes from the top down. This is not so, because in addition to ground, there are vnutrioblastnaya lightning and even lightning, which only exist in the ionosphere.
Lightning is a huge electrical discharge, the current which can reach hundreds of thousands of amperes, and the voltage - hundred million watts. Some of the lightning in the atmosphere can reach tens of kilometers.
First the physical nature of lightning, described by the American scientist Benjamin Franklin. In the beginning of 1750 years, he conducted an experiment to study atmospheric electricity. Franklin waited for the onset of stormy weather and launched into the sky kite. A serpent was struck by lightning, and Benjamin came to the conclusion about the electrical nature of lightning. The scientist was lucky - about the same time, Russian researcher G. Richman, also studied atmospheric electricity, killed by lightning in them designed camera.
Most fully studied the formation processes of lightning in storm clouds. If lightning is in the cloud, it is called vnutrioblastnoy. But if it hits the ground, it is called ground.
The process of formation of cloud to ground lightning involves several stages. First, the electric field in the atmosphere reaches its critical values, the ionization and finally formed a spark, which shoots from a thundercloud to the ground.
Strictly speaking, lightning strikes downwards only partially. First, from the cloud towards the land rushes of the initial discharge. The closer he comes to the earth's surface, the more increases the electric field strength. Because of this, towards the approaching lightning with the surface of the Earth is thrown a retaliatory charge. After that, connecting the heavens and the earth, the ionized channel is discarded, the main lightning discharge. He really gets down.
Vnutrioblastnaya zipper is usually a lot more ground. Their length can be up to 150 km. the closer the location is to the equator, the more often occur in it vnutrioblastnaya lightning. If in the Northern latitudes the ratio vnutriplitnykh and ground lightning about the same, in Equatorial band vnutrioblastnaya zipper approximately 90% of all lightning discharges.
In addition to the normal lightning, there are lesser known phenomena such as elves, jets, and sprites. The sprites represent the similarity of lightning that appear at altitudes of up to 130 km. jets are formed in the lower layers of the ionosphere and represent discharges in the blue cones. Discharges-elves also have a conical shape and can reach a diameter of several hundred kilometers. Elves usually appear at a height of about 100 km.
Lightning is a huge electrical discharge, the current which can reach hundreds of thousands of amperes, and the voltage - hundred million watts. Some of the lightning in the atmosphere can reach tens of kilometers.
Nature zipper
First the physical nature of lightning, described by the American scientist Benjamin Franklin. In the beginning of 1750 years, he conducted an experiment to study atmospheric electricity. Franklin waited for the onset of stormy weather and launched into the sky kite. A serpent was struck by lightning, and Benjamin came to the conclusion about the electrical nature of lightning. The scientist was lucky - about the same time, Russian researcher G. Richman, also studied atmospheric electricity, killed by lightning in them designed camera.
Most fully studied the formation processes of lightning in storm clouds. If lightning is in the cloud, it is called vnutrioblastnoy. But if it hits the ground, it is called ground.
Cloud to ground lightning
The process of formation of cloud to ground lightning involves several stages. First, the electric field in the atmosphere reaches its critical values, the ionization and finally formed a spark, which shoots from a thundercloud to the ground.
Strictly speaking, lightning strikes downwards only partially. First, from the cloud towards the land rushes of the initial discharge. The closer he comes to the earth's surface, the more increases the electric field strength. Because of this, towards the approaching lightning with the surface of the Earth is thrown a retaliatory charge. After that, connecting the heavens and the earth, the ionized channel is discarded, the main lightning discharge. He really gets down.
Vnutrioblastnaya zipper
Vnutrioblastnaya zipper is usually a lot more ground. Their length can be up to 150 km. the closer the location is to the equator, the more often occur in it vnutrioblastnaya lightning. If in the Northern latitudes the ratio vnutriplitnykh and ground lightning about the same, in Equatorial band vnutrioblastnaya zipper approximately 90% of all lightning discharges.
Sprites, elves and jets
In addition to the normal lightning, there are lesser known phenomena such as elves, jets, and sprites. The sprites represent the similarity of lightning that appear at altitudes of up to 130 km. jets are formed in the lower layers of the ionosphere and represent discharges in the blue cones. Discharges-elves also have a conical shape and can reach a diameter of several hundred kilometers. Elves usually appear at a height of about 100 km.
