How to define strong and weak electrolytes

Electrolytes are substances, alloys of substances or fluids that have the ability to electrolytically conduct a galvanic current. To determine which electrolytes a substance, applying the theory of electrolytic dissociation.

Instruction

1. The essence of this theory is that the melting (dissolving in water) almost all electrolytes are decomposed into ions which are positively or negatively charged (which is called electrolytic dissociation). Under the influence of the electric current is negative (anions "-") move to the anode ( + ) and positively charged (cation,+) to move to the cathode (-). Electrolytic dissociation is a reversible process (the reverse process is called "polaryzacja").
2. Degree (a) electrolytic dissociation is dependent on the nature of the electrolyte, solvent, and concentration. It is the ratio of the number of molecules (n) that fell apart into ions to the total number introduced into the solution of molecules (N). Get: a = n / n
3. Therefore, strong electrolytes - substances, disintegrating completely into ions when dissolved in water. For strong electrolytes, as a rule, are substances with ionic bonds or silnoroslye: this salt is very soluble, strong acid (HCl, HI, HBr, HClO4, HNO3, H2SO4) and strong bases (KOH, NaOH, RbOH, Ba(OH)2, CsOH, Sr(OH)2, LiOH, Ca(OH)2). In a strong electrolyte is a substance dissolved in it, is mostly in the form of ions (anions and cations); molecules that medicationabana - almost none.
4. Weak electrolytes - substances which dissociate into ions only partly. Weak electrolytes together with ions in a solution containing molecules medicationabana. Weak electrolytes do not give to the solution high concentrations of ions.
   
   To weak include:
   - organic acids (almost all) (C2H5COOH, CH3COOH, etc.);
   some of the inorganic acids (H2S, H2CO3, etc.);
   - almost all of the salt, slightly soluble in water, ammonium hydroxide, as well as all grounds (Ca3(PO4)2; Cu(OH)2; Al(OH)3; NH4OH);
   - water.
   
   They practically do not conduct electricity or conduct, but bad.