You will need
  • How to make isomer consider the example of alkanes C6H14
Instruction
1
First you need to construct a formula of the hydrocarbon skeleton in unbranched form, based on data from its molecular formula.
C – C – C – C – C - C
2
To enumerate all of the carbon atoms.
1 2 3 4 5 6
C – C – C - C – C - C
3
Knowing that carbon is tetravalent, to substitute the hydrogen atoms of the carbon chain.
1 2 3 4 5 6
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
4
Reduce the carbon chain by one atom, placing it in a side branch. It is important to understand that the side chain atoms of the carbon can not become side branches.
C - C - C - C - C
With
5
From the side, which is closer to the side branch, begin numbering the chain, and then place the hydrogen atoms, following the rules of valence.
1 2 3 4 5
CH3 – CH - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
CH3
6
If you have the opportunity to place side branch from other atoms of a carbon chain, structure all possible isomers.
1 2 3 4 5
CH3 - CH2 – CH - CH2 - CH3
CH3
7
If side branches are no more opportunities, reduce initial chain of carbon one atom, thus placing it as a side branch. Don't forget that when one atom in the carbon chain there are no more than two branches.
With
C - C - C - C
With
8
Number a new chain, the atom with the same edge, which is closer to the branch. Add hydrogen atoms, mindful of chetyrehkantnomu carbon atoms.
CH3
1 2 3 4
CH3 - C - CH2 – CH3
CH3
9
Check further whether it is possible to place more side branches to the carbon chain. If you can make formulas of isomers. If you can not continue to reduce the chain of carbon atoms gradually one atom, having it as a side branch. By numbering the chain, continue to make formulas of isomers. Numbering, if side branches are at the same distance from the edges of the circuit, will start from the edge, which has more side branches.
1 2 3 4
CH3 – CH – CH - CH3
CH3 CH3
10
Continue the sequence of all actions is to be possible for the location of side branches.