A database is a certain way structured collection of data jointly stored and processed in accordance with certain rules. Typically, the database simulates a certain subject area or its part. Very often, as a permanent information store databases are files.
The program that produces the manipulation of the information in the database is called DBMS (database management system). It can make selections according to various criteria and display the requested information in the form convenient to the user. The basic components of information systems based on databases are files, database, DBMS and software (client application) that enables the user to manipulate the information and make necessary to achieve the objectives of the action.
Structuring of information is done according to the features of physical and technical parameters of abstract objects that are stored in this database. The information in the database can be represented as text, raster or vector image, table, or object-oriented model. Structuring of information allows for analysis and treatment: making a custom query, select, sort, perform mathematical and logical operations.
The information stored in the database can be constantly updated. How often this is done depends on its relevance. Information about objects you can also edit and add to it.
Databases as a way of storing large amounts of data and effectively manipulate it, used in almost all fields of human activity. They store documents, images, information about objects, individuals and legal persons. There are legal databases, road, address, etc.
Databases are used in information systems such as those that allow you to have control and territorial management at the state level. In databases of these systems stores information about all objects of real estate located in these territories: the land, vegetation, buildings, hydrography, roads, etc. the Databases allow you to analyze information and manage information flows, use them for statistics, forecasting and accounting.