The difficulties of diagnosis
Schizophrenia – a mental disease belonging to the group of psychoses. For psychosis characterized by gross violation of reality, inappropriate behavior, manifestations of delusions and hallucinations. The diseases still rank as paranoia, epileptic psychosis, schizoaffective psychosis. Schizophrenia is the same in all times attracted the attention of scientists and the public, being the most striking manifestation of madness.
Despite renewed interest and many studies, the causes are still not established. Also raises issues when listing the main and additional symptoms, prediction of stroke disease. So many variations of the disease in each individual case. Accepted that schizophrenia is a disease of the civilized world. Schizophrenia occurs at the age of 18-35 years.
To put the diagnosis "schizophrenia" should appear steadily at least one of the following symptoms: sensation of inserting or taking thoughts out of my head, delusions of anything on the body or thoughts, hallucinatory voices, persistent delusions of other kinds. The last criterion implies that these ideas are inadequate and impossible content. Thus, schizophrenia involves disturbances of behavior, thinking, perception. And all this – without direct physical damage.
Distinguish a huge set of various forms of schizophrenia, which greatly complicates accurate diagnosis. The most frequent are disorganized, catatonic, and paranoid. In disorganized schizophrenia in the first place – severe disturbances of behaviour, thinking and emotions. With catatonic – disorders of motility. When paranoid – delusions and hallucinations. Often the combined form that incorporates the various traits. Even during the life of one patient with schizophrenia its types may vary.
Symptoms and treatment
Schizophrenia symptoms are divided into those that were added and those that are lost or distorted. They are called respectively "positive" and "negative". Positive include delusions, hallucinations, inappropriate emotions. To negative – affective flattening, autism, lack of desire to do anything. In relation to patients with a predominance of positive symptoms, the forecasts are more optimistic.
Treatment of schizophrenia is using drugs-neuroleptics and create a therapeutic social environment. The latter is considered to be very effective, especially the patient's return to a loving family. There were cases when in a family environment signs of the disease very striking was smoothed out. Especially important for patients with schizophrenia communication.