Instruction
1
To find the metaphor in the text, read it carefully and determine what style it belongs to. Scientific and officially-business do not involve the use of artistic paths. In a journalistic – metaphors are widely used and are based on different analogies: sports (get the knockout); theatrical (being a puppet); hunting (inducing a false trail); games (to keep the cards). In journalism language tools are designed to influence readers for the promotion of certain socio-political ideas.
2
In literary text metaphors that appeal to the imagination and are used for a particular expression and brightness of language. In addition, they help to better understand the essence of the things described.
3
The metaphor is also called a hidden comparison. Unlike ordinary or simple binomial, comparing who has what is compared and what is compared to a metaphor has only the second. Therefore, the phenomenon about which goes speech, it is not known, but only implied.
4
In the poem of V. V. Mayakovsky, "a Conversation with the financial officer about poetry" is very clearly visible transition from comparison to metaphor. Therefore, their differences Mayakovsky particularly evident:Poetry is the same – the extraction of radium, In grams production per year works. Harass a single word for the sake of Thousands of tons of verbal ore. Here's a comparison of poetry with the production of radium is the direct, which gives way to the metaphor: "thousands of tons of verbal ore".
5
Often in poetic works meet such expressions as "dreams of gold", "iron verse", "morning gray", "misty youth". Here are only metaphorical definitions, which simultaneously perform two functions: epithet and metaphor. They are called metaphorical epithets.
6
A special type of metaphor is personification – when the signs of a living being are transferred to the nature, objects and concepts. For example, "from the mountains ran streams" - N.. Nekrasov.
7
Metaphors are used in expressive and emotional lyrics. It is often found in idioms, sayings, aphorisms, nicknames. For example, "alien soul – darkness", "the eye", "man – wolf".
8
Find in the text a metaphor, try to rephrase the sentence by replacing the expression with a direct meaning. If you succeed to do so – before you metaphor.