How to liquefy natural gas

Mined from the Earth natural gasbefore to get to the apartment, enterprises and boiler rooms does a long way, constituting sometimes many thousands of kilometers. To facilitate the transportation and subsequent storage of natural gas is subjected to artificial liquefied by cooling to a temperature of -160 degrees C.

Instruction

1. In the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is colorless liquid without color and smell, 75-90% consists of methane and has very important properties: as a liquid it is non-flammable, not poisonous and not aggressive, which is very important during transportation. The liquefaction process of LNG is stepwise, where each new step means a compression of 5-12 times, followed by cooling and transition to the next stage. LNG becomes liquid after the final stage of compression.
2. Liquefaction of gasand is very energy-intensive process, which takes up a quarter of the energy contained in a given volume of gas. For the liquefaction of gasand used several types of plants – turbine-vortex, throttle, turbo-expander, and others. Sometimes the liquefaction is produced by the combined scheme, which includes elements of the above cycles. As practice shows, the greater simplicity and reliability of different throttle setup.
3. The development of modern technologies contributes to the fact that liquefaction of natural gasand is made possible in terms of specialized mini-mills. This is especially true for Russia – a country with a developed network of main gasof provodov, aided by the presence of numerous large and small gasRaspredelitelnaya stations and automotive gasstations napolnitelya. On this basis it is very profitable to build mini-LNG plants.
4. Installation for production of liquefied natural gasand consists of purification from water vapor and carbon dioxide, block liquefaction system control and automation, cryogenic capacitive equipment for storage and LNG, and compressor equipment. When choosing the place of installation of the mini-plant must be taken into account the characteristics of the equipment, the availability of utilities – electricity, water, telephone and gasthe new highway, safe distances from the object, expensive and driveways.