The law is harsh
All the rules and regulations which control the donors themselves, and their blood contained in several Federal laws. This allows to ensure maximum safety of donor blood and plasma.
All the rules and regulations which control the donors themselves, and their blood contained in several Federal laws. This allows to ensure maximum safety of donor blood and plasma. [sidebar#1]
To date, the main normative document, which regulates relations in the donor area is the "law of the Russian Federation on the donorship of blood and its components" №5142-1 of June 9, 1993. This document explains how to evaluate a donor, how much blood and how much plasma can be taken from one donor in one donation for the year, which guarantees the donor receives from the state and from the employer.
Blood safety and ways to achieve it is detailed in the decree №364 dated 14 September 2001 "On approval of the procedure of medical examination of donor blood and its components". All the questions about how, where, and how often should be screened donor blood, settled in the standard.
Where is this street? Where is the house?
According to the law "On approval of the procedure of medical examination of donor blood and its components" in harvesting, processing, validation, security and storage of blood provides health care institution, state or municipal, having a license for this activity. And it should be the only type of medical activities carried out by the institution. Usually it is a large transfusion of blood or mobile points of blood sampling and its components.
Modern medicine is known two types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 occurs about twice as often.
Modern medicine is known two types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 occurs about twice as often.[box#2]
Blood screening for HIV is carried out at every blood draw. Once the donor has given blood, of the resulting material is taken about 40 ml of blood, which is sent to numerous tests. Blood test not only for HIV but also for hepatitis b and C. blood is screened for HIV in several stages. First is checking for antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2, since these are two known type of virus that can be detected. Even if antibodies to HIV are detected, the blood is examined once again — this time on pieces of virus DNA.
Even if both checks were successful, the blood is sent for a six-month quarantine. After quarantine it again to check for HIV and hepatitis. And if these tests are negative, so it can be used for transfusions.
Emergency situations, when the harvested blood in hospitals, and almost never happens. But if there was an emergency situation and the blood transfusion should be done immediately, and karantinizatsii no blood, then used rapid tests for detection of antibodies to HIV in the blood donor. The results of these tests can be measured five minutes after the event, and this makes the doctor-transfuziolog. If the test was negative, the blood can be poured. But in this case the risk of infection is slightly higher.