How to calculate depreciation of fixed assets

The useful life is determined in accordance with the classification of fixed assets. All the property is divided into 10 groups. Each of them has its own useful life, i.e. the period during which the property is able to bring profit to the company and to serve the purposes of its activities.

Depreciation can be calculated in a linear fashion. In this case, the annual amount is determined based on the original cost of a fixed asset and the depreciation rate, calculated on the basis of useful life. For example, the organization has purchased fixed assets worth 100 000 RUB. its useful Life 5 years, then the depreciation rate is 20 %. Therefore, the annual depreciation amount will be 20 000 rubles (100 000*20%).

In the calculation of depreciation method reducing balance annual amount determined on the basis of the residual value of the asset at the beginning of the reporting period, the depreciation rate and the acceleration factor. The latter is set by law for each type of property. For example, the company purchased equipment worth 100 000 RUB useful Life of 5 years. The depreciation rate is 20 %, but it will be increased to 40 % as the acceleration factor is 2. So for the first year of operation of the equipment depreciation will be 40 000 rubles In the second year it will be 40 % of the residual, i.e. 24 000 rubles (60 000*40%), etc.

Another way of calculating depreciation – the sum of the number of years of useful life. In this case, the depreciation amount for the year is determined on the basis of original cost of the property ratio, the numerator of which is the number of years remaining until the end of the object, and the denominator is the sum of the numbers of years. For example, the company acquired assets with a cost of 100 000 RUB. a useful Life of 5 years. The sum of the numbers of years will be 15 (5+4+3+2+1). Respectively, for first-year depreciation will amount to 33 333,33 RUB (100 000*5/15) in the second year 26 666,67 roubles (100 000*4/15), etc.

In the method of calculation of depreciation proportionally to the volume of production calculation is based on physical indicators and the ratio of the estimated volume of production for the useful life. For example, the company purchased a car worth 200, 000. Estimated mileage for the entire period of useful use of 500 thousand km In the first year the car drove 10 thousand. Therefore, the annual depreciation amount will be 4, 000 (10/500*200 000).