How to write: "in the absence" or "lack of"

"In the absence" is used exclusively as a free combination of the preposition "in" and the noun "lack", set in the prepositional case and have the ending-I. for Example: "the Court found no reason to stop the meeting in the absence of one of the witnesses." Or: "In the absences of the student teacher did not suspect anything criminal." Here a noun with the preposition "in the absence" is used exclusively to mean "that he was absent".

If you use in speech, "in the absence" as an excuse, the expression is always written with the letter –e at the end. Moreover, the preposition "in the absence" you can check, replacing the phrase "in the absence of anyone." For example: "In the absence of parents children are too noisy". Or: "And in the absence of the actors playing fairy tale characters, new year holiday was enchanting".

Should be minimized when testing stable combination "in the absence of" other combination "in the presence". The latter is always written with the letter –and at the end. For example: "In the presence of his wife he became timid and shy." Or: "Teenagers in the presence of the police became sad and gloomy".

Remember that the preposition "without" is used only when the answer to the question "who?" In any case, not "what?" That's why phrases such as "in the absence of wind", "no opinion", "in the absence of electricity", "lack of money", etc. are considered incorrect. These words "in the presence" and "absence" are used only in relation to people. In relation to inanimate objects correct to say: "in the presence of electricity", with reference", "absence of money", "lack of motive", etc.