How to read construction drawings

To read construction drawings - it is both challenging and very interesting. It is only after determining what is written there, you can understand how to act the surveyor will look like the repair of the premises or the building facade. Yes, to read construction drawings is a very laborious task. But it is so fun for pictures and small obznacheny to understand what it is actually.

Instruction

1. First, determine the drawing scale. Typically, they have well-structured values. So, for example, plans, sections and elevations are to scale 1:50, 1:100, 1:200. Sectional foundations are usually executed in the scale 1: 50, and details of construction are shown in figure 1:5, 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50. Plans of the floors and the rafters are given a scale of 1 to 100. But the wiring diagram is usually correlated with the real as 1 to 100 or 1 to 200. When you decrypt the values, sizes remember that all of them are put down in millimeters and elevation levels of the facades and sections in meters.
2. Reading a drawing, you note that the floor plan is displayed in the section view in the horizontal direction. And is it necessarily for window and door openings. Also on the plan you can see the grid center axis. They are marked in the directions: those that go along the front wall - in Arabic numerals; those located on the side in capital letters Russian alphabet.
3. If you see that some symbols are size of plan, they usually indicate the distance between the center of the extreme axles; the distance between the center axes attached to the outer faces of the wall; anchor the walls to the center axes, and dimensions of piers and apertures. All that is within the plan is to link the internal walls and partitions to the center axis; the thickness of walls and partitions, as well as the size of the openings in the internal walls and partitions; the sizes of the holes in the ceiling. Remember that the sum of the sizes for each area can be easily calculated by the length of the wall. She is equal.
4. Projection of the building, which can be seen at the front and rear, and right and left vertical plane is the facade. Remote loop in the drawing figures represent elevations from ground level. If the drawing of the facade you can see the axis of the walls or columns - this will help you determine what type of facade is depicted on this scheme. You can split the schema to determine which dimensions of the building between the extreme axles, what is the level of the earth, the distance from floor to floor, the size of the openings, the height of the openings, mark where should be stairs.
5. Drawing the house on the site will allow you to determine how you can plan your use of the site, entrances and approaches to the house, how to plant trees and shrubs and landscaping area. If you want to make these ideas into a drawing, you will need to calculate them exactly by the standards of the scheme and then be placed on the drawn area, of course, respecting the necessary scale.