Causes of menstruation after menopause
Period after menopause can occur for many reasons. In most pathological cases, they appear not less than 6 months after menopause. There is a theory that period after menopause come because of the growth of the endometrium. This process is associated with an excess of tocopherol (vitamin E).
If the bleeding started after 6 months or a year after menopause, it may indicate inflammation of the endometrium, cervix, myometrium, vagina or ovaries. To establish an accurate diagnosis, you must consult a gynecologist. In a year or less bleeding occurs due to certain diseases or dysfunctions of the internal organs (liver cirrhosis, abnormalities in the thyroid gland, disruption of the natural coagulation). Common causes of abnormal bleeding after menopause include malignant and benign tumors in the female reproductive organs.
Benign tumors include polyps, fibroids. However, in some cases they can degenerate into malignant. Approximately 5-10% of bleeding after menopause are directly linked to cancer of the cervix or endometrium. Other diseases that can cause bleeding include endometrial hyperplasia, polycystic ovaries syndrome, atrophic vaginitis, cervicitis.
Hormonal causes of bleeding after menopause
Bleeding after menopause may be associated with hormonal imbalance. The lack of progesterone in the body affects the internal state of the endometrium and causes atrophy. As a result, there spotting, but they still differ in color from menstruation and bleeding at the color, consistency and volume.
A year after the onset of menopause can occur iatrogenic bleeding due to regular use of certain medication. Sometimes they are observed in the conduct of hormone replacement therapy. The cause of menstruation may be an increased production of progesterone, which provides a circular therapy. In this case, bleeding is considered as a normal variant.
Usually menstrual cycle is restored fully, however, it differs from ordinary menstruation lack of clots and a small amount of discharge. Such bleeding lasts 3-4 days during the month is transferred quite easily, since it is not accompanied by malaise, severe pain.