How to make a sewer

The most common ways of creating a sewage system in a private house is a cesspool, septic tank or filter well. What is more convenient - you decide.

Instruction

1. Pit latrine is the cheapest option. Mounting is very simple using a minimum of skills and tools. To calculate the required volume of the sump, multiply the half cubic metre on the number of family members. That is, if you have a family of 5 persons, the volume of the sump should be at least 2.5 cubic meters. Lay it so that the top of the pit was 1 m from the surface of the earth. It is at this level is given to her sewer pipe. In order to avoid getting fecal matter in ground water, the cesspool must be carefully isolated. For this, the walls of the pit are laid with brick or concrete, the top coated with a layer of bitumen. To make the overlap of the sump is sufficient to cover the treated wood with bitumen sheets and covered with soil. In this slab be sure to make a hatch for removal of content, as it must regularly be emptied. Naturally to accommodate this hole should be in a location that is accessible for the entrance of special equipment.
2. Septic tanks have several advantages compared to pit latrines. First, they do not need regular cleaning, and secondly, they are not an example of a longer sump. The easiest way to arrange a septic tank of concrete rings. Its body is well insulated with bitumen. The volume of the section of the septic tank shall be not less than 3 times the daily intake of water. From the house to the septic tank must be at least 20 meters, as all incoming septic sewage fall after clarification through a drain directly into the soil. Clean the septic tank once a year 1, and the contents of the septic tank can be used as fertilizers.
3. Filter wells put in those houses, where very little water consumption – not more than 1 cubic meter. The round well has dimensions of 2.5 m in depth and 2 meters in width. Of course the casing of the well is also sealed, as in the case of a cesspool and a septic tank. On the bottom of the well is placed 1 meter of gravel, slag, crushed stone, in short any building material that can serve as a filter. Conditions for the placement of the filtering well is the following: it should not be near the intake, and the bottom should be above the groundwater level on the meter. Where groundwater close to the surface to establish a well is undesirable.