By EasyHow
How to determine the radius of the atom
Under the radius of an atom refers to the distance between the nucleus of the atom and its outermost electronic orbit. To date, the conventional unit of measurement of atomic radius is the picometer(PM). To determine the radius of the atom very easily.
You will need
- Periodic table of elements
Instruction
The first thing at hand must be a regular periodic table, in which in order to place all known to humankind chemical elements. To find this table very easily in any Handbook of chemistry, school textbook, or it can be purchased separately, in the nearest bookstore.
In the upper right corner of each of the chemical elements listed by its serial number. This number coincides with the atomic radius of this atom.
For example, the sequence number of chlorine (Cl) is 17. This means that the distance from the nucleus of an atom of chlorine to its farthest orbit the stable motion of the electron is equal to 17 PM. If you want to find not only the atomic radius but also the distribution of electrons in the electronic orbits, the data can be emphasized from the column of numbers located to the right of the name of a chemical element.
Note
Thanks to the periodic table, it is very easy to find not only the atomic radius, but also the atomic mass, molecular mass, the period and the number of a particular element, and also the distribution of the electron e orbits along with the number of orbits.
The most popular model of the atom is the model adopted in 1913 by Niels Bohr. It is also known as planetary model. This is due to the fact that electrons, like planets of the Solar system move around the Sun - the nucleus of an atom. The orbit of the electrons constant. The development of this model gave impetus to the development of a new direction in theoretical physics - quantum mechanics.
The first radius of the orbit of motion of the electron is called the Bohr radius and the energy of electrons in the first orbit is called the ionization energy of the atom.
Useful advice
It should be noted that the radius of any atom is inversely proportional to the number of protons in its nucleus and is equal to the charge of its nucleus.
